Azoo ß-Glucan Immunity Formula Fish Food

Azoo ß-Glucan Immunity Formula Fish Food ---- A magical natural extraction to protect your fish and invertebrates from pathogen attack
   The biggest problem of aquaculture is disease. In artificial aquaculture system, it is difficult to avoid the diminishing of immunity which is stress-related. We can eliminate certain stress factors by exchanging new water to our system, but we can not recover from losing immunity rapidly. In this condition, however, our cultured organism will become more prone to pathogen attack which very often leads to death.
   Fortunately, Scientists established a new technique to solve this problem, ß-Glucan, an extraction from natural fungi which can enhance the immunity of fishes during a short period of time and protect them from pathogens including virus, bacteria, and fungus.

What is ß-Glucan?
   ß-Glucan is a group of polysaccharides extracted from plant. The molecular weights of ß-Glucan are usually over 6500 and most of them are insoluble or gel-like particulars. We could find many species of ß-Glucan from nature.
   They were usually found in the cell walls of some specific species of yeast, fungus, mushroom and could also be found in the cover layer of plant's embryo sac. We can distinguish ß-Glucan from all the other common polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, dextrin, etc.) by the linkage forms of the glucose moleculars. (1,4-) linkages were found in general polysaccharides , but we can find (1,3-) linkages in the mainchains of ß-Glucan with (1,6-) linkage sidechains. Differing from the liner conformation of the general polysaccharides, ß-Glucan expresses a special helical structure due to the existence of its unique linkage forms and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. This unique structure conformation can be recognized by the animal's immunity system and can be stimulated by it as a result.

The function of ß-Glucan
   ß-Glucan was long used by humans as anti-tumor & immunity enhancement 'herbs'. In recent twenty years, many scientists had an interest in their anti-AIDS functions as well. Do not be surprised to realize that ß-Glucan is expected to become an effective medicine to cure these diseases in the near future. Because of the efforts of these scientists, we now know a lot more of its functions in vertebrate animals.

The anti-tumor function
   In current research on anti-tumor functions. One of the abilities of ß-Glucan is macrophage cells activity and immunity enhancement. In 1981 Norwegain Cancer Society and University of Uppsala, Department of Medical and Physiology Chemistry published the experiment results regarding the comparison between 42 species of polysaccharides extracted from natural organisms. They found that only ß-Glucan extracted from yeast and fungus could enhance cytosis abilities of mice macrophages up to 10 times. Later on, other researchers indicated that the immunity system of other vertebrate animals, including human, could express the same reaction after being stimulated by ß-Glucan.

Immunity Enhancement
   Apart from stimulating the cytosis ability of macrophage cells, ß-Glucan can also enhance the other functions of the immunity system. ß-Glucan induces a series of nonspecific host resistance including the lysozyme effect of the complement system in serum, proliferation and division of bone marrow, and the division of cytotoxic T cells. It can also induce antibodies secretion of plasma cells which is in turn divided from B lymphocytes. All these immunity responses are linked with two cytokines: Interleukin-1(IL-1) and Interleukin-2 (IL-2). In 1987, Tulane University school of Medicine proved that ß-Glucan could induce the secretion of these two cytokins in mice and enhance their protection ability for up to 12 days after treating.

Protection
   ß-Glucan could serve as an effective immune protector was proved by scientists not only in mice but also in other vertebrate animals including human. For example, scientists in Tulane University school of Medicine injected E.coli into their lab mice in 1982. Very distinguishable differences were observed between ß-Glucan treated mice and general polysaccarides treated ones. In ß-Glucan treated mice, the mortality and number of bacteria in blood were much lower than their general polysaccarides treated counterparts during a 24-hour period. This result showed that ß-Glucan really have the function of immune protection.

In Fish
   ß-Glucan does not only show its function of an immune stimulator in advanced vertebrate animals (like human, dog, cat and mice) but it is also effective in many kinds of fishes. Freshwater carp (Cyprinus carpio L) and saltwater yellow tail (Seriola quinqueradiata) were undergoing bacteria challenge test by Japan Kyushu University in 1991 and 1992. Data showed that the survival rate of freshwater and saltwater fishes which were treated with ß-Glucan were higher than the control ones after high concentration bacteria administration. And Norwegian Center of Aquaculture Research reported in 1990 that the cold water fishes atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), also could be enchanced in terms of non-specific disease resistance by ß-Glucan treatment.

In Invertebrate Animals
   ß-Glucan even shows its function in invertebrates like grass prawn. In 1996, Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute indicated that adding 0.2g/kg of ß-Glucan to the grass prawn could actually increase their survival rate from 0% to 90% in bacteria challenge test.

The future ......
   The actual functional mechanism of ß-Glucan in immunity system are not very clear even today. There will be more and more studies and researches on this subject. It is no question that ß-Glucan will become a potential cure for many diseases in the future. We believe that there will be more and more possible usage of ß-Glucan exposed.

Global Innovation - AZOO Specific Fish Food System (PLUS GLUCAN IMMUNITY FORMULA)
   m3's '9-in-1' ß-Glucan Immunity Fish Food series enlightens a new era for fish food. The manufacturer specifically adds ß-Glucan to its full line of fish food to enhance fishes' immunity and successfully strengthen their resistance against bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. As a result, fishes (and invertebrates) become very energetic and healthy. ß-Glucan is extracted from the cell wall of mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum - a rare Chinese traditional herb). This unique mushroom contains high concentratrion of ß-Glucan. m3's '9-IN-1' ß-Glucan Immunity Fish Food is manufactured from a combinition of traditional high quality diet formula and the most advanced bio-technology. It is undoubtedly the most advanced fish food in the world.